Set the recorder by sets: first the NTC measurement, then the OLED display and finally the SD record. Check each set independently before adding a network.
For independent control of the environment of the refrigerator, use a well installed probe and your own low voltage recorder. This is a different task than interfering with the original fridge controller.
Before longer operation check power failure, full card, sensor disconnect and meaning of time tags. The description is a project plan; the concrete panel requires a certified pinout, configuration and a verified program.
Select products according to the above criteria; the list is not a confirmation that they are all interchangeable.
ESP32 38 pin WIFI IoT Bluetooth
Inox probe NTC sensor for a temperature of 10K 0,5m cable
Mini OLED screen for Arduino 128x64 pixlov 0.96in i2C Blue
Module for reading SD cards for Arduino Raspberry SPI
ESP32-C5 N16R8 development panel WiFi 6 2.4/5 GHz 16MB flash 8MB PSRAM
ESP32-C5 N32R8 development panel WiFi 6 2.4/5 GHz 32MB flash 8MB PSRAM